柴达木盆地碱山深钻的硼同位素地球化学特征          下载免费PDF全文

卢胜城  韩文霞  韩凤清  马云麒  吕爽 《盐湖研究》2020,28(1):60-68

沉积物硼(B)同位素组成可以反映其地质成因及经历的地质过程,因此在许多领域的研究中都有较为广泛的应用。通过对位于柴达木盆地碱山背斜顶部的SG-1b钻孔沉积物(7.3～1.6 Ma)水溶组分的B同位素研究,发现钻孔沉积物B含量在38.55～172.3μg/g之间,平均含量为87.6μg/g;δ~(11)B值的变化范围在3.61‰～16.26‰之间,平均值为10.65‰,B含量与δ~(11)B值具有一定的正相关关系。进一步分析表明,受到碱山背斜构造隆升以及晚新生代以来气候干旱化的影响,柴西古湖逐渐咸化萎缩,沉积环境以及碳酸盐含量、粘土矿物含量及其矿物组合等也在发生变化,B含量和δ~(11)B值自钻孔底部向上的逐步增加以及后期的急剧增加,与水溶离子含量以及矿物和粒度等的变化一致,这说明柴达木盆地晚中新世以来湖泊沉积物的B含量和δ~(11)B值可以很好地反映研究区气候和湖水的演化过程,共同指示了研究区自7.3 Ma以来气候的持续干旱化和湖水盐度的逐步增加,以及3.3Ma以来干旱化和湖水浓缩过程的加剧。  相似文献   

Late Holocene environmental changes reconstructed from stable isotope and geochemical records from a cushion‐plant peatland in the Chilean Central Andes (27°S)     

S. T. Kock  K. Schittek  B. Mchtle  H. Wissel  A. Maldonado  A. Lücke 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(2):153-164

  相似文献   

Late Cambrian microbial build-ups,Llano Area,Central Texas: A three-phase morphological evolution     

Pankaj Khanna  Heath H. Hopson  André W. Droxler  Dylan A. Droxler  Daniel Lehrmann  Brian Kubik  Jacob Proctor  Pulkit Singh  Paul M. Harris 《Sedimentology》2020,67(2):1135-1160

Although Late Cambrian microbial build-ups were recognized in the Point Peak Member of the Wilberns Formation in Central Texas (USA) nearly 70 years ago, only a few studies focused specifically on the build-ups themselves. This study focuses on the interpretation of the regional (15 measured sections described in literature representing an area of 8000 km²) and local (field and drone photogrammetry studies in a 25 km² area from within south Mason County) microbial build-up occurrence, describes their growth phases and details their interactions with the surrounding inter-build-up sediments. The study establishes the occurrence of microbial build-ups in the lower and upper Point Peak members (the Point Peak Member is informally broken up into the lower Point Peak and the upper Point Peak members separated by Plectotrophia zone). The lower Point Peak Member consists of three <1 m thick microbial bioherms and biostrome units, in addition to heterolithic and skeletal/ooid grainstone and packstone beds. One, up to 14 m thick, microbial unit associated with inter-build-up skeletal and ooid grainstone and packstone beds, intercalated with mixed siliciclastic–carbonate silt beds, characterizes the upper Point Peak member. The microbial unit in the upper Point Peak member displays a three-phase growth evolution, from an initial colonization phase on flat based, rip-up clast lenses, to a second aggradation and lateral expansion phase, into a third well-defined capping phase. The ultimate demise of the microbial build-ups is interpreted to have been triggered by an increase of water turbidity caused by a sudden influx of fine siliciclastics. The lower Point Peak member represents inner ramp shallow subtidal and intertidal facies and the upper Point Peak member corresponds to mid-outer ramp subtidal facies. Understanding the morphological architecture and depositional context of these features is of importance for identifying signatures of early life on Earth.  相似文献   

内蒙古狼山地区早二叠世花岗闪长岩的年代学、地球化学特征及其构造背景     

田健  滕学建  刘洋  滕飞  郭硕  何鹏  王文龙 《中国地质》2020,47(3):767-781

内蒙古狼山山脉西侧分布有大面积的晚古生代岩浆岩,其时代集中在早石炭世—晚二叠世,不同时代岩浆岩岩石组合对于认识狼山地区晚古生代构造背景具有重要的意义。文章通过岩石学、岩相学、地球化学及Hf同位素等方法,对狼山地区查干乃呼都格一带花岗闪长岩体进行了研究。该岩体岩性为花岗闪长岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(299±1)～(293±2) Ma。岩石暗色矿物为角闪石及黑云母,富含闪长质包体,P_2O_5含量与SiO_2含量之间显示良好的负相关性,富钠(Na_2O含量为3.45%～4.96%),高钠钾比值(Na_2O/K_2O比值为1.33～2.52),岩石地球化学特征显示花岗岩成因类型为Ⅰ型花岗岩。岩石具有负的ε_(Hf)(t)值(-6.3～-2.0)及T_(DM2)为1437～1704 Ma(平均值为1606 Ma),显示了古—中元古代古老地壳熔融的特点,ε_(Hf)(t)-t及角闪石成因图解显示源区有幔源岩浆参与。花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb,不同程度的亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,弱的负Eu异常,显示了岩浆弧的地球化学特征。结合晚石炭世—早二叠世狼山地区侵入岩岩石组合为闪长岩+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩(英云闪长岩),早—中二叠世大石寨组火山岩岩石组合为玄武岩+玄武安山岩+安山岩+英安岩,总体反映了陆缘弧的岩石组合;狼山地区早二叠世处于大陆边缘弧的构造背景,与华北地块北缘中东部可以对比。  相似文献   

A Floating Astronomical Time Scale for the Early Late Cretaceous Continental Strata in the Songliao Basin, Northeastern China     

MA Xiaojuan  WU Huaichun  FANG Qiang  SHI Meinan  ZHANG Shihong  YANG Tianshui  LI Haiyan  WANG Chengshan 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):27-37

A continuous terrestrial succession was recovered from the Songke-2(SK-2) borehole in the Songliao Basin, Northeastern China. This borehole provides a unique material for further research on the continental paleoclimate during Cretaceous greenhouse period, following a series of achievements of the Songke-1(SK-1) core. In this study, thorium(Th) logging data were chosen as a paleoclimate proxy to conduct a detailed cyclostratigraphic analysis. The Th series varies quasi-periodically; power spectra and evolutionary fast Fourier transformation(FFT) analysis reveal significant cycles in the Quantou(K2 q), Qingshankou(K2 qn), Yaojia(K2 y) and Nenjiang(K2 n) formations. The ratio of cycle wavelengths in these stratigraphic units is approximately 20:5:2:1, corresponding to long orbital eccentricity(405 kyr), short orbital eccentricity(100 kyr), obliquity(37 kyr), and precession cycles(22.5 kyr and 18.4 kyr). The durations of the K2 n, K2 y, K2 qn and K2 q are estimated as 6.97, 1.83, 5.30 and 4.52 Myr, respectively, based on the constructed ～18.62 Myr "floating" astronomical time scale(ATS). Comparison of the durations between the SK-1 s and SK-2 boreholes exhibits a slight difference of 0.06 Myr and 0.459 Myr for K2 qn and K2 y. Nevertheless, our ATS of K2 n supports the chronostratigraphic frame constructed by the CA-ID-TIMS data of the SK-1 s borehole. This new "floating" ATS provides precise numerical ages for stratigraphic boundaries, biozones and geological events in the Songliao Basin, and can serve as a basis for correlation of strata and events between marine and terrestrial systems.  相似文献   

豫西宜阳地区上二叠统孙家沟组古气候特征分析     

祁帅帅  王艳鹏  彭冰柔  张碧云  宁淑媛  刘晓玲  郑德顺 《地质学报》2020,94(12):3803-3818

二叠纪- 三叠纪之交发生了地史上最大规模的生物灭绝事件，该事件可能与当时气候环境的强烈变化有关。前人对该时期较连续的海相地层揭示的古气候研究较为成熟，而对同时期陆相地层的研究缺乏系统性，研究资料需要进一步完善。本文选取豫西宜阳地区上二叠统孙家沟组为研究对象，运用沉积学、矿物学与元素地球化学等方法对该时期的古气候进行恢复，并与同时期陆相地层对比，进而讨论气候变化对该时期生物灭绝的影响。结果表明：①宜阳地区孙家沟组经历了滨湖- 浅湖- 滨湖等亚相的演化过程，其地层中岩相变化、古生物化石缺失、大量的钙质结核及其它沉积构造的出现揭示了孙家沟组的上段气候明显比下段炎热干旱。②元素地球化学指标以及粘土矿物组合的垂向变化等指示了该时期的气候经历了温湿向炎热半干旱- 干旱转变。③宜阳地区孙家沟组的气候指标所得出的结论与其他地区同时期陆相地层古气候的变化基本一致，反映了研究区与同时期全球古气候的变化存在一致性。二叠纪末期温度的骤升、气候极度干旱化以及陆表生态系统遭受毁灭性破坏等因素，可能是导致或加速陆地生物灭绝的主要原因之一。本次研究对该时期气候变化与生物灭绝之间的关系具有一定的指导意义，为探讨全球P- T之交生物灭绝的原因提供新的证据。  相似文献   

大凌河河口地区中更新世晚期以来沉积环境演化     

商志文  李建芬  姜兴钰  李琰  王宏 《地质学报》2020,94(8):2433-2445

大凌河河口地区LZK06孔40m以浅岩心的沉积学、古生物学和年代学等综合研究以及该地区LZK02- 04钻孔资料，揭示了研究区中更新世晚期以来经历了两次海侵- 海退旋回，依次形成了中更新世晚期湖相/河流相 SymbolnB@ 晚更新世海相- 湖相/河流相 SymbolnB@ 全新世海相- 河流相地层。全新世早中期由于物源供给很少，研究区处于长达约10ka的饥饿滞留相沉积环境，平均沉积速率仅约0. 02~0. 05cm/a。全新世晚期约1500a cal BP以来，由于人类活动导致水土流失，河流输砂量增加，研究区开始了快速加积过程，平均沉积速率约0. 9~1. 2cm/a，下辽河平原被快速充填，开始成陆。与全球海面变化时空分布特征的对比，推断辽东湾的第II海相层发育于MIS 5- MIS 3早期，第I海相层发育于MIS 1阶段高海面时期。晚更新世以来频繁的海面升降是辽东湾泥质海岸带地层和环境演化的主要控制因素。  相似文献   

内蒙古别鲁乌图铜多金属矿床锆石U-Pb年龄和S、Pb同位素特征及其地质意义     

郭硕  何鹏  刘洋  滕飞  胡晓佳  王文龙  杨泽黎 《现代地质》2020,(1):40-50

为了明确内蒙古别鲁乌图铜多金属矿床的成矿年龄与矿床成因,对该矿床中与成矿关系密切的流纹岩进行了锆石U-Pb年龄以及主要金属硫化物的S、Pb同位素测试。其中流纹岩的锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(271.7±1.6)Ma(MSWD=1.02),显示成矿作用发生于二叠纪。金属硫化物的S同位素分析结果显示δ34SV-CDT值分布在-0.6‰~1.0‰之间,平均为0.49‰,变化范围较窄,显示S的来源单一;Pb同位素组成比较集中,206Pb/204Pb为18.207~18.674,207Pb/204Pb为15.620~15.699,208Pb/204Pb为38.144~38.790,具有壳幔混源的特征。S、Pb同位素特征均指示成矿物质主要来源于岩浆热液。结合区域地质、矿床地质、空间分带等特征以及S、Pb同位素组成可知,别鲁乌图铜多金属矿床为VHMS型矿床,形成于二叠纪陆缘弧裂谷中。  相似文献   

Mega-monsoon variability during the late Triassic: Re-assessing the role of orbital forcing in the deposition of playa sediments in the Germanic Basin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

André Bahr  Gilles Kolber  Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr  Lutz Reinhardt  Oliver Friedrich  Jörg Pross 《Sedimentology》2020,67(2):951-970

The formation of the supercontinent Pangaea during the Permo–Triassic gave rise to an extreme monsoonal climate (often termed ‘mega-monsoon’) that has been documented by numerous palaeo-records. However, considerable debate exists about the role of orbital forcing in causing humid intervals in an otherwise arid climate. To shed new light on the forcing of monsoonal variability in subtropical Pangaea, this study focuses on sediment facies and colour variability of playa and alluvial fan deposits in an outcrop from the late Carnian (ca 225 Ma) in the southern Germanic Basin, south-western Germany. The sediments were deposited against a background of increasingly arid conditions following the humid Carnian Pluvial Event (ca 234 to 232 Ma). The ca 2·4 Myr long sedimentary succession studied shows a tripartite long-term evolution, starting with a distal mud-flat facies deposited under arid conditions. This phase was followed by a highly variable playa-lake environment that documents more humid conditions and finally a regression of the playa-lake due to a return of arid conditions. The red–green (a*) and lightness (L*) records show that this long-term variability was overprinted by alternating wet/dry cycles driven by orbital precession and ca 405 kyr eccentricity, without significant influence of obliquity. The absence of obliquity in this record indicates that high-latitude forcing played only a minor role in the southern Germanic Basin during the late Carnian. This is different from the subsequent Norian when high-latitude signals became more pronounced, potentially related to the northward drift of the Germanic Basin. The recurring pattern of pluvial events during the late Triassic demonstrates that orbital forcing, in particular eccentricity, stimulated the occurrence and intensity of wet phases. It also highlights the possibility that the Carnian Pluvial Event, although most likely triggered by enhanced volcanic activity, may also have been modified by an orbital stimulus.  相似文献   

塔里木地块西北缘震旦系发现二叠纪基性岩床侵入事件   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴鸿翔  黄伟康  励音骐  林秀斌  陈汉林  程晓敢  章凤奇 《地质学报》2020,94(6):1869-1882

准确识别侵入岩和火山岩并厘定其形成时代是野外地质调查的一项基础工作,它们对认识区域岩浆事件序列和建立沉积地层年代格架具有重要的作用。塔里木地块西北缘阿克苏地区以出露连续的新元古界和丰富多样的新元古代岩浆岩而成为备受前寒武纪地质研究工作者关注的地区。本文通过遥感影像的识别、野外剖面地质调查和岩石学研究,发现塔里木西北缘阿克苏市西南部的震旦系中发育的基性岩具有典型的岩浆侵入特征,包括局部截切地层、包裹围岩块和内部结晶粗、边缘结晶细等特点。结合锆石U-Pb年代学研究,发现该地区震旦系发育的基性岩浆岩并不全是震旦纪玄武岩,有相当一部分是早二叠世(ca. 290Ma)侵入的辉绿岩岩床,其侵位年龄与塔里木二叠纪大规模溢流玄武岩的喷发时代接近,很可能是塔里木大火成岩省的重要组成部分。这期显著的岩浆热事件可能对该地区前寒武纪岩石重磁化产生重要影响,同时也启示今后开展塔里木北缘震旦纪岩浆作用研究时需要特别引起重视并加以仔细鉴别。  相似文献